The Great Pyramid of Giza is an artificial stone tower made of about 2.3 million blocks of stone, with an average weight of 2.5 tons per block. It has a pointed cone shape and resembles the Chinese character "金", hence it is called "the Pyramid of Gold" by Chinese people. Currently, only a damaged stone coffin in the main burial chamber remains, which can be seen if one enters. The interior of the pyramid is extremely complex, with three burial chambers connected by multiple passageways that are narrow and require caution when exploring.
At least 5 boat pits have been discovered around the Great Pyramid of Khufu, containing dismantled ship structures. Some believe they hold religious significance and were important tools for pharaohs to journey to the afterlife, similar to the rising and setting of the sun. They are referred to as solar boats. Others speculate that these ships were simply used for practical purposes in Khufu's funeral. The exact purpose of these boats cannot be confirmed. The museum displays one of these boats, which has been restored and assembled from over 1,000 pieces. It measures 43 meters long and 5.9 meters wide.
Khafre was the son of Khufu. His pyramid is the second largest, 143 meters tall and with a base length of 215 meters. The internal structure is relatively simple. The top of the Khafre pyramid still has a "shell", allowing us to imagine its original appearance. The Khafre pyramid has also been looted, but the burial chamber can still be visited.
Mandcarah Pyramid
Menkaura was the son of Hetepheres, and his pyramid is the smallest one among three generations, with a height of 65 meters and a base length of slightly over 100 meters. The structure of the burial chamber is also very simple, but the "shell" used for the exterior (marble) may be the best. Currently, there are still remnants of the base. The northern recessed part was intentionally damaged by people during the Arabian period (around 1196 AD). The burial chamber of Menkaura's pyramid can also be visited.
The main consensus is that the Sphinx was built during the reign of Pharaoh Khafra, and it is the first true colossal statue of ancient Egypt, standing 20 meters tall. The lion's body symbolizes strength, while the human face represents wisdom. The combination of strength and wisdom was the pharaoh's ultimate aspiration. Due to natural erosion, the Sphinx's preservation condition is poor, and it has undergone several repairs over the course of thousands of years. The earliest record is the "Dream Stela" located between the statue's front paws.
